Projekt
Überblick
Das Projekt Die Sprache der arabischen Minderheit im Südiran ist ein vom Österreichischen Wissenschaftsfonds FWF gefördertes Sprachdokumentationsprojekt (P 33421-G, 2020-2024), das sich zum Ziel gesetzt hat, die bisher unbeschriebenen arabischen Varietäten im Südiran (Bushehr und Hormozgan) zu dokumentieren und ausgewählte linguistische Aspekte zu untersuchen. Das Projekt ist den Prinzipien von open source und open access verpflichtet. Aus den Feldforschungsdaten wird ein großes digitales Sprachkorpus erstellt, das im Endangered Languages Archive ELAR archiviert wird. So kann der gegenwärtige Stand des lokalen Arabisch, das als Sprache einer Minderheit im persisch-sprachigen Umfeld bedroht sind, festgehalten werden. Die Sprachdaten werden nach Abschluss des Projekts der Scientific Community und teilweise auch der interessierten Öffentlichkeit durch ein öffentliches WebInterface zur Verfügung gestellt. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt der Authentizität der Sprachdaten, die in soziolinguistischen Interviews und anderen kommunikativen Settings in Zusammenarbeit mit einem lokalen Forschungsteam (Persian Gulf University) erhoben werden. Neben Lebensgeschichten, Erzählungen und semispontanen Konversationen werden auch deskriptive Texte über kulturelle Riten und traditionelle Tätigkeiten sowie Musikdokumente wie Lieder und Rezitative gesammelt, um ein möglichst breites sprachliches und ethnografisches Spektrum abzudecken.
Ziele und Methoden
In diesem Projekt sollen Ansätze aus allgemeiner Linguistik und arabischer Dialektologie sinnvoll kombiniert und damit ein Beitrag zur Überwindung der bestehenden Kluft zwischen diesen beiden Disziplinen geleistet werden. Wir widmen uns im Speziellen folgenden Forschungsfragen:
- Wie können die Varietäten dieser Region sprachgeographisch in das Kontinuum der arabischen Dialekte in der Golfregion eingeordnet werden?
- Existieren phonologische, morphologische, syntaktische und lexikalische Charakteristika, welche sie mit einem Dialekt dieser Region in besonderer Weise teilen?
- Wie gestalten sich sprachliche Variation, Sprachwandel, Sprachverlust und -erhalt aus soziolinguistischer Sicht?
- Welche Kontaktphänomene zeigen sich aufgrund der Dominanz der persischen Umgebungssprache vor allem im Bereich der Grammatik (pattern borrowing) und Prosodie?
Methodisch sind wir den Prinzipien der Dokumentationslinguistik verpflichtet. Die erhobenen Feldforschungsdaten werden nach gängigen Standards mithilfe moderner text- und sound-technologischer Methoden verarbeitet und archiviert (ELAN, FLEX, PRAAT, LAMETA).
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Dina El Zarka
Department of Linguistics (University of Graz)
Merangasse 70/3rd floor
8010 Graz
Stephan Procházka
Institute for Near Eastern Studies (University of Vienna)
Spitalgasse 2, Hof 4
1090 Wien
